blender-manual/manual/addons/3d_view/precision_drawing_tools/book_scanner.rst

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Worked Example - Building A Book Scanner
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In this page we will show how to make complex parts of this book scanner using PDT.

.. figure:: /images/addons_pdt_scan_1.png
   :width: 450px

This is considered a typical CAD design and consists of many parts
that can be made by extruding a profile to make the 3D mesh.
It should be noted that this is a preferred manner to work in the CAD environment,
rather than starting with a 3D mesh and carving bits out of it.
We will start with a component that has a hole in it so that process is explained properly.

**Making the End Panels.**

.. figure:: /images/addons_pdt_scan_2.png
   :width: 450px

   The End Panel in Edit Mode.

For this we will start with a single vertex object at 0,0,0 (You will need to load the "Extra Objects" Add-on).

I placed all objects, apart from the wheels at the World Center for ease,
so the start point for this component is 0.39,-0.32,-0.3.
The first thing to do therefore is move this single vertex in Edit mode to that location.
For this there are two choices:

+ Set Cartesian Coordinates to 0.39,-0.32,-0.3 respectively, set operation to ``Move`` and click ``Delta``.
+ **OR** Key gd0.39,-0.32,-0.3 into Command Line.

Now we need to extrude this vertex 0.64 in Y:

+ Set Cartesian Coordinates to 0,0.64,0 respectively, set operation to ``Extrude Vertices`` and click ``Delta``.
+ **OR** Key vd,0.64, into Command Line.

Select both vertices and extrude 0.7 in Z:

+ Set Cartesian Coordinates to 0,0,0.7 respectively, set operation to **Extrude Vertices** and click ``Delta``.
+ **OR** Key vd,,0.7 into Command Line.

Copy leftmost of the new vertices 0,0.065,0.14:

+ Set Cartesian Coordinates to 0,0.065,0.14 respectively, set operation to ``Duplicate Geometry`` and click ``Delta``.
+ **OR** Key dd,0.065,0.14 into Command Line.

Extrude new vertex -0.04 in Z:

+ Set Cartesian Coordinates to 0,0,-0.04 respectively, set operation to ``Extrude Vertices`` and click ``Delta``.
+ **OR** Key vd,,-0.04 into Command Line.

You should now have this:

.. figure:: /images/addons_pdt_scan_3.png
   :width: 450px

I have selected two vertices, join these two together with **Join 2 Verts** Tool.

Select Top Left vertex and extrude it 0.02 in Y:

+ Set Cartesian Coordinates to 0,0.02,0 respectively, set operation to ``Extrude Vertices`` and click ``Delta``.
+ **OR** Key vd,0.02, into Command Line.

Extrude 0.16 in Z:

+ Set Cartesian Coordinates to 0,0,0.16 respectively, set operation to ``Extrude Vertices`` and click ``Delta``.
+ **OR** Key vd,,0.16 into Command Line.

You should now have this:

.. figure:: /images/addons_pdt_scan_4.png
   :width: 450px

Duplicate the selected vertices to the other side:

Set 3D Cursor, SHIFT+D, CTRL+M Y - standard Blender commands.

Join the gaps using ``Join 2 Verts`` and you get this:

.. figure:: /images/addons_pdt_scan_5.png
   :width: 450px

Select the vertices shown, they need filleting:

+ Set ``Radius`` to 0.03, ``Profile`` to 0.5 and ``Segments`` to 6, click ``Fillet``.
+ **OR** Key fv0.03,6,0.5 into Command Line.

This is the result:

.. figure:: /images/addons_pdt_scan_6.png
   :width: 450px

Copy bottom left vertex 0.12 in Y & 0.1 in Z:

+ Set Cartesian Coordinates to 0,0.12,0.1 respectively, set operation to ``Duplicate Geometry`` and click ``Delta``.
+ **OR** Key dd,0.12,0.1 into Command Line.

Extrude 0.45 in Z:

+ Set Cartesian Coordinates to 0,0,0.45 respectively, set operation to ``Extrude Geometry`` and click ``Delta``.
+ **OR** Key vd,,0.45 into Command Line.

Extrude 0.15 in Y, 0.31 in Z:

+ Set Cartesian Coordinates to 0,015,0.31 respectively, set operation to ``Extrude Geometry`` and click ``Delta``.
+ **OR** Key vd,0.15,0.31 into Command Line.

Duplicate these new vertices to the other side:

Set 3D Cursor, SHIFT+D, CTRL+M Y - standard Blender commands.

Join the gaps using ``Join 2 Verts`` and you get this:

.. figure:: /images/addons_pdt_scan_7.png
   :width: 450px

Select the vertices shown, they need filleting:

+ Set ``Radius`` to 0.03, ``Profile`` to 0.5 and ``Segments`` to 6, click ``Fillet``.
+ **OR** Key fv0.03,6,0.5 into Command Line.

You should now have this:

.. figure:: /images/addons_pdt_scan_8.png
   :width: 450px

Join these two vertices each side using ``Join 2 Verts`` Tool giving this:

.. figure:: /images/addons_pdt_scan_9.png
   :width: 450px

Select these vertices and key F - (Blender Face command) to give this:

.. figure:: /images/addons_pdt_scan_10.png
   :width: 450px

Switch selection (CTRL+I), select four vertices across joins and make Face again giving this:

.. figure:: /images/addons_pdt_scan_11.png
   :width: 450px

Duplicate entire geometry -0.02 in X:

+ Set Cartesian Coordinates to -0.02,0,0 respectively, set operation to ``Duplicate Geometry`` and click ``Delta``.
+ **OR** Key dd-0.02,, into Command Line.

You should now have this:

.. figure:: /images/addons_pdt_scan_12.png
   :width: 450px

Select both outer edge rings and choose ``Edge`` => ``Bridge Edge Loops``,
repeat for inner edge loops to get all the faces:

.. figure:: /images/addons_pdt_scan_13.png
   :width: 450px

Shown in Face Mode

Exit Edit Mode, name object "End-R" and duplicate Object (SHIFT+D), rename this new object "End-L".

Edit new "End-L" Object and mirror all faces about X Axis.

+ Set 3D Cursor.
+ Select All Geometry.
+ Key CTRL+M.
+ Key SHIFT+N to normalize faces.

You should now have two ends like this:

.. figure:: /images/addons_pdt_scan_14.png
   :width: 450px

You should be able to see the advantages of making end profiles,
then bridging the edge loops to make an extruded shape.
This avoids duplicated geometry and also allows for holes in the object by making faces that split across the hole.
I would then add an **Edge Modifier** to the objects to clean up the shading and of course make a suitable material.

You can also see that we can either use ``PDT Design Functions & Tools``,
or use ``PDT Command Line`` to just type in the commands.

We can use the same principles to make all the other components.

_To Be Continued..._