GPU Python: Use 'PyC_ParseStringEnum' to parse items

Currently the GPU module for python has different ways to handle enums.
- Organizing items in `PyC_StringEnumItems` arrays and parsing them with `PyC_ParseStringEnum`.
- Using dedicated functions for each type of enum (`bpygpu_ParsePrimType`, `pygpu_ParseVertCompType` and `pygpu_ParseVertFetchMode`).

Although apparently more efficient (especially `pygpu_ParseVertCompType`
which transforms strings into integers for simple comparison), these
dedicated functions duplicate functionality, increase the complexity of
the code and consequently make it less readable.

Reviewed By: campbellbarton

Differential Revision: https://developer.blender.org/D10456

source/blender/python/gpu/gpu_py_api.h

@@ -24,8 +24,6 @@
  * However, it is currently of little use. */
 // #define BPYGPU_USE_GPUOBJ_FREE_METHOD
 
-int bpygpu_ParsePrimType(PyObject *o, void *p);
-
 PyObject *BPyInit_gpu(void);
 
 bool bpygpu_is_init_or_error(void);