Alembic is not a single file format, it can be stored in two different
ways: Ogawa and HDF5. Ogawa replaced HDF5 and is smaller and much faster
(4-25x) to read ([source](http://exocortex.com/blog/alembic_is_about_to_get_really_fast)).
As long as Blender has had Alembic support, it has never supported the
HDF5 format in any release. There is a build option `WITH_ALEMBIC_HDF5`
that can be used to enable HDF5 support in your own build. This commit
removes this build option and the code that it manages.
In the years that I have been maintainer of Blender's Alembic code, I
only remember getting a request to support HDF5 once, and that was to
support very old software that has likely since then been updated to
support Ogawa. Ubuntu and Fedora also seem to bundle Blender without
HDF5 support.
This decision was discussed on
[DevTalk](https://devtalk.blender.org/t/alembic-hdf5-support-completely-remove)
where someone also mentioned that there is a tool available that can
convert HDF5 files to the Ogawa format.
This moves the `alembic`, `avi`, `collada`, and `usd` modules into a common
`io` directory.
This also cleans up some `#include "../../{somedir}/{somefile}.h"` by
adding `../../io/{somedir}` to `CMakeLists.txt` and then just using
`#include "{somefile}.h"`.
No functional changes.
This commit introduces the first version of an exporter to Pixar's
Universal Scene Description (USD) format.
Reviewed By: sergey, LazyDodo
Differential Revision: https://developer.blender.org/D6287
- The USD libraries are built by `make deps`, but not yet built by
install_deps.sh.
- Only experimental support for instancing; by default all duplicated
objects are made real in the USD file. This is fine for exporting a
linked-in posed character, not so much for thousands of pebbles etc.
- The way materials and UV coordinates and Normals are exported is going
to change soon.
- This patch contains LazyDodo's fixes for building on Windows in D5359.
== Meshes ==
USD seems to support neither per-material nor per-face-group
double-sidedness, so we just use the flag from the first non-empty
material slot. If there is no material we default to double-sidedness.
Each UV map is stored on the mesh in a separate primvar. Materials can
refer to these UV maps, but this is not yet exported by Blender. The
primvar name is the same as the UV Map name. This is to allow the
standard name "st" for texture coordinates by naming the UV Map as such,
without having to guess which UV Map is the "standard" one.
Face-varying mesh normals are written to USD. When the mesh has custom
loop normals those are written. Otherwise the poly flag `ME_SMOOTH` is
inspected to determine the normals.
The UV maps and mesh normals take up a significant amount of space, so
exporting them is optional. They're still enabled by default, though.
For comparison: a shot of Spring (03_035_A) is 1.2 GiB when exported
with UVs and normals, and 262 MiB without. We probably have room for
optimisation of written UVs and normals.
The mesh subdivision scheme isn't using the default value 'Catmull
Clark', but uses 'None', indicating we're exporting a polygonal mesh.
This is necessary for USD to understand our normals; otherwise the mesh
is always rendered smooth. In the future we may want to expose this
choice of subdivision scheme to the user, or auto-detect it when we
actually support exporting pre-subdivision meshes.
A possible optimisation could be to inspect whether all polygons are
smooth or flat, and mark the USD mesh as such. This can be added when
needed.
== Animation ==
Mesh and transform animation are now written when passing
`animation=True` to the export operator. There is no inspection of
whether an object is actually animated or not; USD can handle
deduplication of static values for us.
The administration of which timecode to use for the export is left to
the file-format-specific concrete subclasses of
`AbstractHierarchyIterator`; the abstract iterator itself doesn't know
anything about the passage of time. This will allow subclasses for the
frame-based USD format and time-based Alembic format.
== Support for simple preview materials ==
Very simple versions of the materials are now exported, using only the
viewport diffuse RGB, metallic, and roughness.
When there are multiple materials, the mesh faces are stored as geometry
subset and each material is assigned to the appropriate subset. If there
is only one material this is skipped.
The first material if any) is always applied to the mesh itself
(regardless of the existence of geometry subsets), because the Hydra
viewport doesn't support materials on subsets. See
https://github.com/PixarAnimationStudios/USD/issues/542 for more info.
Note that the geometry subsets are not yet time-sampled, so it may break
when an animated mesh changes topology.
Materials are exported as a flat list under a top-level '/_materials'
namespace. This inhibits instancing of the objects using those
materials, so this is subject to change.
== Hair ==
Only the parent strands are exported, and only with a constant colour.
No UV coordinates, no information about the normals.
== Camera ==
Only perspective cameras are supported for now.
== Particles ==
Particles are only written when they are alive, which means that they
are always visible (there is currently no code that deals with marking
them as invisible outside their lifespan).
Particle-system-instanced objects are exported by suffixing the object
name with the particle's persistent ID, giving each particle XForm a
unique name.
== Instancing/referencing ==
This exporter has experimental support for instancing/referencing.
Dupli-object meshes are now written to USD as references to the original
mesh. This is still very limited in correctness, as there are issues
referencing to materials from a referenced mesh.
I am still committing this, as it gives us a place to start when
continuing the quest for proper instancing in USD.
== Lights ==
USD does not directly support spot lights, so those aren't exported yet.
It's possible to add this in the future via the UsdLuxShapingAPI. The
units used for the light intensity are also still a bit of a mystery.
== Fluid vertex velocities ==
Currently only fluid simulations (not meshes in general) have explicit
vertex velocities. This is the most important case for exporting
velocities, though, as the baked mesh changes topology all the time, and
thus computing the velocities at import time in a post-processing step
is hard.
== The Building Process ==
- USD is built as monolithic library, instead of 25 smaller libraries.
We were linking all of them as 'whole archive' anyway, so this doesn't
affect the final file size. It does, however, make life easier with
respect to linking order, and handling upstream changes.
- The JSON files required by USD are installed into datafiles/usd; they
are required on every platform. Set the `PXR_PATH_DEBUG` to any value
to have the USD library print the paths it uses to find those files.
- USD is patched so that it finds the aforementioned JSON files in a path
that we pass to it from Blender.
- USD is patched to have a `PXR_BUILD_USD_TOOLS` CMake option to disable
building the tools in its `bin` directory. This is sent as a pull
request at https://github.com/PixarAnimationStudios/USD/pull/1048
No functional change, this adds LIB definition and args to cmake files.
Without this it's difficult to migrate away from 'BLENDER_SORTED_LIBS'
since there are many platforms/configurations that could break when
changing linking order.
Manually add and enable WITHOUT_SORTED_LIBS to try building
without sorted libs (currently fails since all variables are empty).
This check will eventually be removed.
See T46725.
All in all, this patch adds an Alembic importer, an Alembic exporter,
and a new CacheFile data block which, for now, wraps around an Alembic
archive. This data block is made available through a new modifier ("Mesh
Sequence Cache") as well as a new constraint ("Transform Cache") to
somewhat properly support respectively geometric and transformation data
streaming from alembic caches.
A more in-depth documentation is to be found on the wiki, as well as a
guide to compile alembic: https://wiki.blender.org/index.php/
User:Kevindietrich/AlembicBasicIo.
Many thanks to everyone involved in this little project, and huge shout
out to "cgstrive" for the thorough testings with Maya, 3ds Max, Houdini
and Realflow as well as @fjuhec, @jensverwiebe and @jasperge for the
custom builds and compile fixes.
Reviewers: sergey, campbellbarton, mont29
Reviewed By: sergey, campbellbarton, mont29
Differential Revision: https://developer.blender.org/D2060
- Add blentranslation `BLT_*` module.
- moved & split `BLF_translation.h` into (`BLT_translation.h`, `BLT_lang.h`).
- moved `BLF_*_unifont` functions from `blf_translation.c` to new source file `blf_font_i18n.c`.
