The Ramer-Douglas-Peucker algorithm finds a set of points in a polyline to remove so that the overall shape of the polyline is similar. How similar can be controlled by the distance `epsilon`.

The name "resample adaptive" comes from grease pencil. Other suggestions are welcome.

@@ -514,0 +609,4 @@
+
+  /* Distance functions for `ramer_douglas_peucker_simplify`. */
+  const auto dist_function_positions =
+      [positions](int64_t first_index, int64_t last_index, int64_t index) {

@@ -514,0 +607,4 @@
+  const VArray<bool> cyclic = src_curves.cyclic();
+  const OffsetIndices<int> points_by_curve = src_curves.points_by_curve();
+
+  /* Distance functions for `ramer_douglas_peucker_simplify`. */

@@ -0,0 +45,4 @@
+    float max_dist = -1.0f;
+    int max_index = -1;
+    for (const int64_t index : inside_range) {
+      const float dist = dist_function(sub_range.first(), sub_range.last(), index);

@@ -0,0 +76,4 @@
+    return;
+  }
+
+  const bool is_last_segment_selected = (curve_selection.first() && curve_selection.last());

@@ -0,0 +13,4 @@
+
+namespace blender::geometry {
+
+/* Computes a "perpendicular distance" value for the generic attribute data based on the

@@ -0,0 +57,4 @@
+  /* Mark all points to be kept. */
+  points_to_delete.slice(range).fill(false);
+
+  Stack<IndexRange> stack;

@@ -0,0 +130,4 @@
+                                   const OffsetIndices<int> points_by_curve,
+                                   const VArray<bool> &cyclic,
+                                   const float epsilon,
+                                   GSpan attribute_data,

@@ -0,0 +138,4 @@
+      points_by_curve, curves_selection, true, points_to_delete.as_mutable_span());
+  curves_selection.foreach_index(GrainSize(512), [&](const int64_t curve_i) {
+    const IndexRange points = points_by_curve[curve_i];
+    if (epsilon > 0.0f) {

@@ -0,0 +144,4 @@
+        if constexpr (std::is_same_v<T, float> || std::is_same_v<T, float2> ||
+                      std::is_same_v<T, float3>)
+        {
+          curve_simplifiy(points,

@@ -0,0 +3,4 @@
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later */
+
+#include "BLI_array_utils.hh"
+#include "BLI_math_geom.h"

@@ -0,0 +4,4 @@
+
+#include "BLI_array_utils.hh"
+#include "BLI_math_geom.h"
+#include "BLI_set.hh"

@@ -0,0 +31,4 @@
+                             const int64_t last_index,
+                             const int64_t index)
+{
+  const float3 ray_dir = positions[last_index] - positions[first_index];

@@ -0,0 +65,4 @@
+    if (sub_range.size() < 3) {
+      continue;
+    }
+    const IndexRange inside_range = sub_range.drop_front(1).drop_back(1);